How to Choose the Right Marine Fuel for your Boat's Engine

Using the right marine fuel for your boat’s engine is essential for reliable and optimal performance on the water.

Because different makes and models of boat engines require different fuels, using the wrong boat fuel can cause significant damage to internal engine components as well as your boat’s fuel system.

For many boat owners, it’s common to feel a bit unsure as to which type of marine fuel is right for their engine(s). Choosing between different ethanol levels, mixing oil with fuel, and even using diesel can be downright confusing.

In this article, we’ll cover what you need to know about choosing the right marine fuel for your boat’s engine. This includes:

• What Types of Marine Fuel Are Available?
• How to Choose the Right Marine Fuel for Your Motor
• How Does Bad Gas Affect Your Boat Motor?
• What is the Problem with Ethanol in Marine Fuel?
• Can You Use Regular Gas in Boats?

What Types of Marine Fuel Are Available?

The following are the most common types of marine fuels for your boat:

• Ethanol-Free Gasoline
• E10 Fuel
• E15 Fuel
• Oil and Gas Mixtures
• Diesel Fuel
• Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Marine Diesel Oil (MDO)

A lot of fuel choices come down to your type of boat motor. Let’s go over the basic types of marine fuel you can find when filling up, their usages, and which ones to use.

What is marine gas fuel?

Marine Gasoil is composed of blends of distillates. Distillates are the evaporated components of crude oil during the distilling process, that are condensed from gas state to liquid state. Marine Gas may be compared to diesel, just that the density and storage requirements are different.

REC-90

Ethanol-free gasoline is produced in a few different octane levels. REC-90 is marketed for boaters and for use in other small engines. It’s an ethanol-free, 90-octane unleaded gasoline blend designed for use in marine and small engines that ethanol found in other gasoline blends can damage.

Ethanol-free gasoline does not come with the corrosive effects of gasoline containing ethanol. You can expect the best performance and lifespan of your boat’s engine from this type of boat gas.

Ethanol-free marine fuel does have a few downsides:

• Gasoline that is ethanol-free is more expensive than E10 or other types of gasoline.
• Ethanol-free fuel uses the octane enhancer additive methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to produce a cleaner exhaust for the environment. However, if you combine MBTE with ethanol from other fuel types, a gummy residue may cause clogged fuel filters and performance issues. Because of this, it’s essential not to mix ethanol-free gasoline with other types of gasoline. If you want to switch gasoline types, it may require a thorough cleaning of all fuel tanks and lines to ensure optimal performance.

Ethanol-Free Gasoline

Although REC-90 is marketed to the marine industry and is commonly found at marinas, there are other octane levels of ethanol-free gasoline on the market such as ethanol-free 87 or 92 octane. While always refer to your owner’s manual, these other common octane levels are typically suitable for marine engines.

E10 Fuel

As one of the most widely-available and inexpensive marine fuels, E10 is safe for most boat engines. E10 stands for “10% ethanol content” gasoline. Ethanol was introduced to reduce hydrocarbon emission pollution without substantially affecting performance.

There are a couple of downsides of using E10 marine fuel:

• The solvent properties of ethanol can corrode rubber and fiberglass quickly. While ethanol is used to remove gum deposits, it can degrade fuel lines and other components, leading to clogged fuel lines.
• Ethanol attracts water into your fuel system through “phase separation,” inviting internal corrosion, erosion of fiberglass, and uneven performance on the water. Because of this, experts recommend draining E10 from your tank during storage or between ninety (90) days of usage.
• Older boat motors from a decade ago were designed before the introduction of E10, which means that there may be some performance issues inherent in the motor’s operating specifications.

Adding a high-quality fuel additive, like Star Tron Enzyme Fuel Treatment, to your tank with every fill-up goes a long way toward protecting your engine from any potentially damaging impact of ethanol.

E15 Fuel

E15 marine fuel is like E10 but contains 15% ethanol. Although it is significantly cheaper than E10, E15 is not recommended for most boat engines due to its increased risk of phase separation and internal corrosion.

While there is a significant push by legislators to make E15 more widely available for boaters (and other applications), emissions from E15 are bad for the environment, and it is prohibited by federal law for use in recreational boat engines.

Oil and Gas Mixtures

For some boat engines, such as smaller outboards and 2-stroke lower-horsepower models, boaters must add a mixture of oil to their gasoline. The purpose of this oil and gas mixture is to help lubricate the engine’s internal moving parts and run smoother than gas-only fuel.

Here are a couple of pointers for using oil and gas mixture fuels:

• Only mix oil into your fuel should only be performed on specified engines. Most larger, modern boat engines have their own lubrication system separate from the fuel system, eliminating the need for oil-gas mixtures.
• Oil and gas ratios will vary based on your particular model, so be sure to check your owner’s manual for exact mixing ratios. Common mixing ratios (gas:oil) include:

• 25:1 (typically during the break-in period)
  • 50:1
  • 100:1

To achieve these ratios, you’ll need to perform some basic math:

• For a 50:1 gas:oil ratio, you will need to use 2.6 fluid ounces of oil per gallon of gas added to your fuel tank.
• For 25:1, you will add 5.2 fluid ounces of oil to your fuel tank.
• Finally, for 100:1, the ratio is 1.3 fluid ounces of oil to your fuel tank.

• It’s essential to find the correct ratio of oil to fuel to prevent several bad outcomes. From smoking motors, hiccuping performance at high RPMs, and even significant internal damage, adding too much or too little oil can cause damage. For this reason, many boaters pre-mix their gasoline before filling up to avoid an imbalance.
• Only use marine oil that meets the TC-W standard for this mixture to get the best performance and longest life out of 2-stroke engines. Due to the higher RPMs and the proximity to water sources, marine oil – particularly marine oil from the original engine manufacturers – deals better with the demands of the marine environment.

Diesel Fuel

Diesel outboard engines are relatively rare, but there are a number of inboard motors that run off diesel. Because diesel engines offer more torque and horsepower, only larger vessels typically use diesel.

While diesel is more expensive per gallon, it is also up to 10% more efficient. By going further on less, it may be cheaper overall to use diesel fuel. Also, diesel engines have a longer lifespan, resulting in additional cost savings.

Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Marine Diesel Oil (MDO)

Most recreational boaters won’t come across two common types of fuel used in large commercial vessels: marine gas oil (MGO) and marine diesel oil (MDO).

These marine fuels are considered distillate fuels, used primarily in medium- and high-powered ships, and are usually not available at most marinas. However, it’s important to be aware of this fuel and not use it in ordinary diesel motors unless otherwise specified.

How to Choose the Right Marine Fuel for Your Motor

Consult the Owner’s Manual

First and foremost, your engine’s owner manual has guidance on fuel and oil requirements. Look under ”engine specifications” for which type of boat fuel is best for your engines. Many owner’s manuals are available online, or you can order a copy from an authorized dealer.

Following the fuel and oil specifications in the owner’s manual also helps ensure that you comply with the manufacturer’s warranty requirements. Failure to fill up with the proper fuel may void the warranty and leave you on the hook for expensive repairs that would otherwise be covered.

Modern Engines vs. Older Models

All current outboard, sterndrive, and inboard gasoline engines operate safely on marine fuel with no more than 10% ethanol content.

Older engines, however, were designed and manufactured before any amount of ethanol was added in boating, so expect ethanol-free gasoline or diesel to be the only options according to original specifications.

Size of Your Boat

Depending on the size of your boat and the required horsepower, your fuel needs will be based on your engine.

• Smaller boats typically require gasoline or gas and oil mixtures (such as trolling motors).
• Medium-sized boats that range from 30′ to 40′ tend to require gasoline, a gasoline and oil mixture, or diesel.
• Larger commercial boats exceeding 40′ will almost always come with diesel engines.

How Does Bad Gas Affect Your Boat Motor?

Using the wrong type of gas or simply marine fuel that’s been left in your engine’s fuel system too long can lead to severe issues with your boat engines.

The following are the most common issues from bad or mismatched gas include:

• Internal corrosion
• Seized internal components
• Poor combustion
• Clogged fuel lines, fuel injectors, and fuel filters
• Fuel leaks
• Water infiltration
• Engine bogs
• Reduced RPMs
• Uneven idle
• Stalling
• Smoking motor components
• Excessive heat
• And more

What is the Problem with Ethanol in Marine Fuel?

As a general rule, avoid marine fuel with ethanol or high-ethanol content (anything above 10% ethanol) whenever possible.

Ethanol attracts water and moisture from the air through the fuel tank vent system. This happens due to a process called “phase separation.” When this moisture accumulates at the bottom of the fuel tank or throughout the fuel system, the engine’s performance is dramatically reduced, corrosion forms through oxidizing internal components, and dilutes the gasoline.

To prevent phase separation, boaters have a few methods:

• Install a 10-micron water-separating fuel filter between the fuel tank and the boat engine to keep water and other contaminants out.
• Use a fuel stabilizer in every tank of fuel, either when storing the boat long-term or between fill-ups.

Can You Use Regular Gas in Boats?

The answer to this question is both yes and no:

• Yes, you can use the same gasoline as a car in your boat engines; however, this fuel must be E10 or ethanol-free gasoline. E15 or gasoline with higher levels of ethanol is not recommended.
• Marine fuel for smaller outboard or 2-stroke outboard engines often requires a gasoline and oil mixture, which requires knowing the right ratios.

Above all, make sure that you pay attention to what is available at the pump. Using the wrong gasoline – even in a pinch – can lead to serious damage and performance issues, all of which can be avoided by using appropriate fuel. Last, if you don’t trust a gas station’s gas or it’s not clearly labeled, avoid using it at all.

Now that you know the answer to “What kind of gas should I use in my boat?” you can make more informed decisions for your boat’s engine to enjoy the best performance and longevity on the water.

PartsVu carries a wide assortment of fuel additives and fuel system components to help your engine run reliably and at peak performance for years to come.

Born Again Boating created and produced the embedded video. Subscribe to Born Again Boating’s YouTube channel by clicking here.